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More Citizen Science–Help out the BioSurvey

January 30, 2010 in ID challenge, KABT News, Nature, Student Research Ideas

George Pisani and Bill Busby are looking for help.  You, your students and other interested parties can help expand the knowledge of two Eastern Kansas snakes:  Red-bellied and Smooth Earth Snakes.  Note that these are some of the earliest snakes to show up in the spring (March).  Spread the word to others in your community.  If you want to participate you’ll need to get going. Here are the details:


Smooth Earth Snake and Redbelly Snake Population Survey

Kansas Biological Survey (KBS) is conducting a survey of these two Kansas snakes recognized as Threatened in the State. We are looking for new populations and ask that students and teachers in the eastern counties of Kansas be on the lookout for these species in your area, and report sightings to us using the report form available at http://people.ku.edu/~gpisani/SWGform.html. Sightings must be confirmed by us, either by a live specimen (which may be released at capture point after we confirm identification) and/or high-quality photograph. We also need detailed documentation of habitat in which you may find them! If you find either species, note the area well and contact us ASAP! We especially need people to help us in Linn and Anderson counties; email us as soon as possible if you can help.

Both species are cool-weather snakes, and are among the very earliest to emerge from hibernation. Look for them under cover objects (tin, rocks, wood) from early March on (depending upon temperature). A great way to locate these snakes is to distribute 2ftx4ft pieces of salvaged barn tin (the corrugated kind) in likely habitat, especially edge zones between woods and unmowed grass areas. Part of this effort is to determine just what sorts of habitat both species prefer, so don’t overlook pastures, woods , or whatever habitat is in your area.. Spread some tin [with landowner permission]; see what comes in! And don’t forget to remove the tin when done sampling an area..
For an overview of current Kansas records of these species, visit the Kansas Herpetofaunal Atlas pages from links on our web site (above).

To add incentive, we will award publications to people with the most confirmed sightings in new localities during 2010 as follows:

Most new localities reported: A copy of 2nd printing (1980) Autecology of the Copperhead 1960 by Henry S. Fitch and also a copy of 2nd printing (1991) Reproductive Cycles in Lizards and Snakes 1970 by Henry S. Fitch.
Second place, most new localities reported: CHOICE OF ONE OF THE FOLLOWING- a copy of 2nd printing (1980) Autecology of the Copperhead 1960 by Henry S. Fitch and also a copy of 2nd printing (1991) Reproductive Cycles in Lizards and Snakes 1970 by Henry S. Fitch.
Third place, most new localities reported:  A copy of Biology, status and management of the Timber Rattlesnake (Crotalus horridus): A guide for conservation (1993), by William S. Brown.

George Pisani                                                Bill Busby
gpisani@ku.edu                                            wbusby@ku.edu

A Chance to Involve your Students in Citizen Science

January 25, 2010 in KABT News, Nature, Student Research Ideas

A post just came through the KS-Bird list about an interesting Cornell Citizen science program:

The Rusty Blackbird Blitz

Rusty Blackbirds are in decline and Kansas is part of their winter range.  This “blitz”/survey is set up for the first two weeks of Feb.  Check out the link for protocols.  If you decide to get out and count blackbirds don’t just report to eBird;  share your experience here on the KABT BioBlog.

An excerpt from the Cornell eBird website:

January 11, 2010
Participate in the Second Annual Rusty Blackbird Blitz! Singing male Rusty Blackbird, Alaska. Photo by David Shaw (www.wildimagephoto.com).

Populations of Rusty Blackbirds are crashing! Their numbers have plummeted by as much as 88-98% over the last few decades, according to data gathered between 1966 and 2006 for the North American Breeding Bird Survey and Christmas Bird Count. A species that was once considered to be abundant is rapidly disappearing before our eyes. Your observations can help save this species by arming scientists with critical information about its ecology. The Rusty Blackbird Working Group has developed the Rusty Blackbird Blitz, a winter survey whose goal is to count Rusty Blackbirds range-wide just prior to spring migration.  From 30 January – 15 February, search for Rusty Blackbirds in your area and report your observations to eBird.

Avida-Ed: Exploring Evolution in Silico

October 8, 2009 in Labs, Student Research Ideas, Teaching Resources, Technology

At the NABT Conference in Atlanta in the fall of 2007, Brad Williamson talked me and a few others who were loitering around to come to a workshop presentation on Avida-Ed software as a means of fostering inquiry of evolutionary processes.  After the presentation, Brad suggested that I write a post about the experience.  At the time, I didn’t have much to say.

Having had time to play around with Avid-Ed and to make my way through most of the unedited model lessons downloadable from the Avida-Ed website, I have decided to make the post.  The best place to start is to download the software developed by Robert T. Pennock from the Avida-Ed website at Michigan State University, and to read the Discover magazine article written by Carl Zimmer highlighting Robert Pennock’s development and use of the research version of the software to study the process of evolution (The first activity below has pre-activity questions that require students to read this article).  The links below will get you that far.

  1. Avida-Ed Website
  2. Testing Darwin by Carl Zimmer in February 2005 edition of Discover magazine.

If you are a self learner, after downloading the Avida-Ed, open it, drag the @ancestor into the black area of the Petri Dish window to the right, select the play button, and have fun.  Otherwise, keep reading…

Well, as I said, I have had the time to make my way through the unedited model lessons posted on the Avida-Ed website.  In effort to prepare to introduce my freshman honors biology and AP Biology student for the software, I have cut and pasted, edited, and created (in some cases) more detailed step-by-step instructions for the activities presented in their models lesson.  In a few cases, I have even collected and attached data in a teachers section at the end of the student friendly documents that help you understand what the students will be doing prior to your own exploration of the software.

Explorations in Evolution Series

  1. I – Introduction to Avida-Ed
  2. II – Observing an Instance of Evolution in Avida-Ed
  3. III – How do Resource Availability & Mutation Rate influence Avidian Fitness?
  4. IV – Observing Mutations in the Genomes of Evolving Avidians
  5. V – Common Misconceptions of Evolution

I look forward to your comments and criticism of the activities but realize that I am just beginning to use these activities in my class for a second time.

As a justification for activities such as these, if you take the time to read the Bio2010 published by the National Academies as well as the most recent bulletin from HHMI (read Thinking like an Engineer and Add 56), you will quickly learn that we should be doing more to motivate our keen biology students to appreciate the importance of other scientific perspectives (mathematics, computer science, physic and engineering).  Similarly, we should be reaching out equally to those that are already bent toward study in these other fields and show them that they can fulfill there interests while helping to make new discoveries in the biological sciences.

Download the non-education version of Avida.

Enjoy!

Inquiry with Termites

August 24, 2009 in KABT News, Labs, Nature, Student Research Ideas, Teaching Resources

termites-picture

Before the weekend, I received an e-mail from a colleague asking “Do you know of a good place I can go gather termites… anywhere woody?”

I responded with my suggestions, and because I was intrigued, I replied with a question of my own, “What do you plan to do with them?”

Well, after a making my own way through portions of two decaying logs, and acquiring some special and not-s0-special writing utensils, see what we ended up witnessing by watching the following videos… 

  1. Termite and paper (30 sec.)
  2. Termite, paper, and pencil drawn Infinity (30 sec.)
  3. Termite, paper, and Sanford Uniball Black drawn Infinity (30 sec.)
  4. Termite, paper, and Papermate Red drawn Infinity (30 sec.)
  5. Termite, paper, and Papermate Red drawn Spiral (30 sec.)

Sorry for the out-of-focus imagery but I hope these 2.5 minutes of observation motivate you as much as they did us before we introduced these creature to our classes today!  Experiment with other colors, other writing utensils, and have fun googling to see what is already known about the behavior you witnessed.

Happy Inquiry!

Great Antlion resources

June 24, 2009 in KABT News, Nature, Student Research Ideas, Teaching Resources

AntlionThose of you who have followed this blog probably know of my long time fascination with antlions.  If you have a ready source of them, they make a great organism to inspire student generated research.  Today, I’ve run across two excellent photo resources on antlions.  Alex Wild’s Mymercos Blog has exceptional images of an antlion in action and in the comments to Alex’s amazing photos you can find a link to Mikko Kolkkala’s images of an antlion parasatoid.  Check them out you’ll be amazed–maybe you’ll even go to the trouble of collecting antlions this summer for the first week of school next year.

Microarrays MediaBook

June 23, 2009 in KABT News, Labs, Student Research Ideas, Teaching Resources, Technology

While learning about those involved in developing the Synthetic Biology survey that some of you may have taken (June 8th post), I serendipitously navigated to a page at Davidson College that made me aware of the Microarrays MediaBook educational website.  Here is what I read, including the link that I chose to follow…

Another of Malcolm Campbell’s efforts, a multimedia presentation entitled “MicroArrays MediaBook,” has received the international Pirelli Award as the “Best Work for Educational Institutions.” Created with collaborators at UNC Chapel Hill, the MicroArrays MediaBook shows students how microarrays are created and analyzed, and applications of the technology. Its graphic sophistication commands attention, and students can test their understanding of the material with questions for each section.

Here is a shot of the homepage with their extensive internal links.  I agree that the “graphic sophistication commands attention”.  I’m still checking it all out and already know that if you touch upon Microarrays in your classroom you should spend sometime this summer checking it out as well…

MicroarrayMediaBook

http://gcat.davidson.edu/Pirelli/index.htm

Here is an paper activity that I have used to teach about Microarrays, a link to the article that I use with the activity, although I think I will be modifying things so that students can use the MediaBook resources instead.  For those beyond a paper activity, Fotodyne has microarray kits for exploring smoking and plant photobiology, and the Genome Consortium for Active Teaching (GCAT) has a wealth of information and resources for developing authentic microarrays (also developed by Malcolm Campbell).

As my father always says, enjoy!

Scitable by Nature Education

May 5, 2009 in KABT News, Student Research Ideas, Teaching Resources

A Collaborative Learning Space for Science
www.nature.com/scitable

As I paged my way through the most recent issue of Nature, I was intrigued by a Nature advertisement claiming “There’s new life in science education…  Online.”  A few minutes later, I navigated to the website advertised.  Here is what I found after a few minutes of surfing.

scitable1

As noted at this new Nature website, Scitable is…

A free science library and personal learning tool brought to you by Nature Publishing Group, the world’s leading publisher of science.

Scitable currently concentrates on genetics, the study of evolution, variation, and the rich complexity of living organisms. As you cultivate your understanding of modern genetics on Scitable, you will explore not only what we know about genetics and the ways it impacts our society, but also the data and evidence that supports our knowledge.

Read the rest of this entry →

eBird–Citizen Science at its best

January 11, 2009 in Nature, Student Research Ideas, Teaching Resources, Technology

eBird Home Page

eBird Home Page

Saturday morning, I got up early and headed over to a program presented by Chris Wood, sponsored by the Topeka Audobon folks and hosted by Janeen Walters at Washburn Rural Middle School.   Now I am a geek but the topic had to have a lot of promise for me to give up my Saturday morning cinnamon roll and the promise was more than fulfilled.  Chris Wood works with the eBird program at the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology.  I’ve got to say from years and years of working in the field of citizen science I was not expecting to be wowed but I was.  My expectations were tempered by the years of struggles trying to figure out how to encourage volunteers to submit, good quality data in a way that benefited the citizen scientist as well as the professional scientist–all the while trying to keep things inviting and exciting for recruiting new folks to participate.   Steve Case and Tom Baker put together a good web based infrastructure to support the Pathfinder science project but today’s Web 2.0 tools take collaboration to an entire new level, creating an environment that can promote and support powerful web-based efforts in conservation science.  eBird provides an exemplary example.

If you are a biology teacher that provides any instruction in or encourages birdwatching or if you are a bird watcher yourself eBird is something to really consider.  I’m not a lister but I think I’m about to start–only because my effort can significantly contribute to a larger effort.  I’m really more of a nature observer–birds just happen to be a convenient focal point.  I have participated in Christmas bird counts and have made a number of reports to the Kansas Bird List about observations and sightings but in general I’m not a hard-core birder.  That is the beauty of eBird.  A more casual birder like myself with just a bit of extra effort to record my sightings can make really significant contributions to a data  base of bird observations while a more intense birder can have a huge impact.  eBird makes it easy to record your sightings and their locations.  eBird simply works for all kinds of birders.

Data input

Data input

In fact, I learned from Chris that researchers accessing the data have developed very sophisticated algorithms to take into account your personal bird watching habits.  For instance, I might be hesitant to participate because when I bird in the spring, I’m primarily looking for warblers.  I’ll note the sparrows and such now, but my effort is going to be focused on the warblers.  Well guess what,  the filtering tools will note this correct for this.  That is good because I wouldn’t want my lack of focus on sparrows to indicate that they weren’t there when they probably were.  (That could create conservation issues.)  This is powerful.

Here’s the deal, though.  One of the reasons that Chris came to KS is that we have only a few folks signed up and participating in eBird.  Notice if you go to the site we are not in the top 30 states for observations reported this year, in fact as of this morning there were only 117 observations turned in this year.  The key to this overall effort is large numbers of observers.  For instance here’s part of a bar chart of bird occurrence in Johnson County.

eBird Chart

eBird Chart

Because of the numbers involved and the data base is a very rich resource for professional researchers.  The professionals are benefiting and we are learning more and more about our birds.  More importantly, as an educator think of the advantages eBird can offer you and your students to collect and help make sense of observations made from year to year, season to season–all the while contributing to the larger research community.  Think about it, create an account and start to contribute–I am.

The HHMI Bulletin

November 15, 2008 in KABT News, Student Research Ideas, Teaching Resources

An easy way to Keep Current with Bioscience Research

I imagine that many of you are familiar with the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the quality educational resources that they develop to help us “teach ahead of the textbook”.  These resouces range from their Biointeractive virtual labs and animations to their annual Holiday Lecture series.

But if you haven’t taken the time to navigate around their website, you may have overlooked another great resource they offer, their quarterly publication the HHMI Bulletin.  Upon receiving my second issue in the mail this week, I figured that I should help spread the news of this informative publication.

The HHMI Bulletin serves the purpose of conveying information about the current research of HHMI investigators through brief news segments and longer articles.  Each issue, being around 50 pages in length, lends itself to a leisurely weekend read.  The lead article for the November issue, pictured in the image above, covers recent research into chromosomal movements during meiosis. 

Each article is written with a conversational tone, easily accessible to interested students, and is supplemented with appealing graphics and images.  Besides the informative science, one of the greatest assets of the bulletin its ability to convey that science is truly human endeavor. Students who read these articles will come away more knowledgeable and equally apt to imagine themselves filling the shoes of the interesting and eclectic investigators profiled.

To view the bulletin, you can subscribe to receive a free print copy, or read the current issue or back issues online. The online version provides you the opportunity to save and print pdf copies of selected articles that are most interesting and appropriate in enhancing the units that you teach. 

Onion Root Tip Mitosis Lab

November 8, 2008 in Labs, Student Research Ideas, Teaching Resources

I’ve been cleaning up one of my old web pages and I ran across this instructional page my students constructed several years ago after completing a lab on onion root tip mitosis. Thought it might be of use since I’ll be closing out the old web page, soon. I’ll be updating this lab with new and improved images later but for now here’s the original document with its ancient digital images…

Onion Root Tip Mitosis

Adapted from:

Babich, H., Segall, M.A. and Fox, K.D. (1997). The Allium Test–A Simple, Eukaryote Geneotoxicity Assay. The American Biology Teacher. 59, 580-583.

Materials:

  • Test tube (13x100mm)
  • fixative (9 part 45% acetic acid and 1part 1N HCL)
  • watch glass
  • onion
  • beaker or small cup (150mL, approximately)
  • scissors
  • razor blade
  • metal spatula
  • aceto-orcein stain
  • microscope slides
  • cover slips.

Stain preparation: 5 g of orcein is added 150 ml of hot acetic acid. Keep the stain solution in a dark bottle for 2-3 days , shaking several times to saturate the solution. After that treatment, add 150 ml of distilled water, filter and store in a dark bottle. (Babich, Segall and Fox, 1997)

Procedure:

Growing Onion Root Tips

Obtain onion bulb, four toothpicks, small beaker (150mL), and enough water to fill the beaker to top. Hold the onion by the top, insert four toothpicks at perpendicular angles to suspend onion into the water. Wait two or three days for root tips to grow.

Harvesting and Fixing the Root Tips:

Obtain test tube, pair of scissors, watch glass, and fixative (9 parts 45% acetic acid and 1 part HCL).

Cut off four root tips, each approximately 1 cm long; Fill test tube 3cm full of fixative.

Place four root tips into the test tube of fixative and incubate at 50 degrees Celsius for six minutes. Then dump heated fixative and tips into watch glass.

Staining the Cells:

Take root tips, one at a time, out of watch glass and place each on in the middle of a microscope slide.

Cut all excess from the root tips except for 2mm at the very tip of the root (end that was not cut from the plant).

Place two drops of aceto-orcein stain on top of the 2mm root tip.

Let stain soak into root tip for two minutes.

Squash the root tip, on each slide, pressing straight down so as not to overlap the cells.

Place two more drops of stain upon the root tip and wait for another two minutes.

Then place cover slip flat upon the root tip, making certain not to move the cover slip horizontally.

Press the cover slip gently with a pencil eraser, again only straight down without moving the cover slip.

Soak up extra stain from slide around cover slip with a paper towel without moving cover slip.

Observe and record steps of cell division under microscope (at 400x)

Sample views at 400x: